After wrangling and breakfast, we covered horse anatomy and saddle parts, then had an hour's lecture/discussion on what belongs in a guide's daypack (and what doesn't).

From mid-morning on we had a lecture/presentation by Ray Ansotequi from Montana State University. Ray has a Master's Degree in range management plus two Ph.D.'s relating to livestock nutrition. He explained a horse's digestive system, nutritional needs, plus pros and cons of various feed types. He's great at taking very technical information and putting it into terms the average person can understand and use. After the lecture we actually spent time out in the pastures learning to identify different forage plants as well as toxic plants.

Gene Hensen, Cody's father, spent the day here as well. Gene manages the huge ranch owned by the Montana State Prison, and he's also a saddle maker. He really knows horses. After Ray's presentation, Gene gave a talk and demonstration on horse First Aid as well as judging horse conformation and aging them by their teeth. It's great learning from a couple of old range hands who have worked horses all their lives - not just from books.